A rubefacient is a substance for external application that produces redness of the skin for example by causing dilation of the capillaries and an increase in blood circulation. They are believed to relieve pain by a counterirritant effect, and many act via transient receptor potential ion channels. Common medicinal rubefacients include :Salicylates (such as Oil of Wintergreen, Methyl Salicylate)Nicotinate esters Rubbing alcohol Common herbal rubefacients include:Cloves (Eugenia caryphyllus)Garli… (More on Rubefacient)