. The concept of homology is contrasted with that of analogy, which refers to two structures that perform the same or similar function by a similar mechanism but evolved separately. Hence, similar structures may have evolved through different pathways, a process known as convergent evolution, or may be homologous. Homology of structures in evolution Shared ancestry can be evolutionary or developmental. Evolutionary ancestry means that structures evolved from some structure in a common ancestor;… (More on Ortholog)