Endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra's called cystoscopy. Diagnostic cystoscopy's usually carried out with local anaesthesia. General anaesthesia's sometimes used for operative cystoscopic procedures. When a patient has a urinary problem, the doctor may use a cystoscope to see the inside of the bladder and urethra. The urethra's the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The cystoscope has lenses like a telescope or microscope. These lenses let the doc… (More on Cystoscopy)